Unit Six

Passage 2

Student expeditions do a GREat deal of good work on the Arctic islands but from time to time cause trouble in the huts,probably because students are not familiar with the 11 of the little wooden huts dotted all over the islands of the Spizbergen group.

Each hut 12 has an inner and an outer door, shutters over the windows, a store of wood 13 up outside, dry chopped wood inside, utensils and cutlery, and above all, a small store of food. All these things must be completely in 14 whenever the hut is left.

It makes no 15 if it is only the middle of July. That 16 hut may not be visited again before the winter. A door left open can lead either to snow filling up the hut to the ceiling, or 17 still, wind blowing the roof off. Unfastened shutters leave the windows an easy prey for polar bears 18 for food and the result is again snow in the hut. The ready-chopped wood is also very important.

A traveler visiting the hut in the middle of the dark time and perhaps in bad weather, his feet, hands and face bitten by the frost, will have his difficulties doubled if the wood he left has been used up by others and he had nothing with which to 19 a fire.

Ten or more years ago there were enough hunters to look after most of the huts, but now many buildings have become useless because there is no one to repair them and because of 20

A. worse B. peculiar C. laid D. light E.  generally   F. order G. particular H. conventions I. carelessness J． difference K. built L. fashions M. searching   N.  ordinarily O. result

Unit Seven

Passage 2

Most of us trade money for entertainment. Movies, concerts and shows are enjoyable but 11 .If you think that you can't have a good time without spending a lot of money, read on. A little resourcefulness and a few minutes of newspaper-scanning should give you some pleasant surprises.People may be the most interesting show in a large city. 12 through busy streets and see what everybody else is doing. You  will probably see people from all over the world; you will 13 see people of every age, size, and shape, and you'll get a free fashion show, too. Window-shopping is also a 14 sport if the stores are closed. Check the listings in your neighborhood paper. Local colleges or schools often 15 the public to hear an interesting speaker or a good 16 . The film or concert series at the local public library probably won't cost you a penny. Be sure to check

commercial advertisements too. A flea market can provide hours of pleasant looking round. Perhaps you can find a free cooking or crafts 17 in a department store.

Plan ahead for some ACTivities. It is always more pleasant not to have people in front of you in a museum or at a zoo. You may save some money, too, since these places often 18 aside one or two free 19 days at slow times during the week. Make sure that you are including the indispensable 20 that people travel miles to see. If you feel like taking an interesting walk, find a free walking tour, or plan one yourself.

A. expensive B. Wonder C.debate D. admission E. set F. Wander G.safe H. addition I. valuable J. dispute K.welcome L. confidently M. sights N. demonstration O.certainly

Unit Eight

Passage 2

When a person feels low, blue, or down in the clumps, it usually means he has been hurt, disappointed, or saddened by something that causes a confused and listless feeling. There is 11 a type of music called "the blue", a low, mournful, sad sound to 12 these universal human feelings.

Depression is another name for this mood. Feeling depressed is a normal and natural 13 to experiences of loss, failure, and undeserved bad luck. Indeed, it has been pointed out that without depression, we would 14 much of the world's GREat tragic literature, music, and art.

In some cases, however, depression becomes something more than just 15 feelings of blues or letdown. A large number of people suffer from what psychiatrists call "depressive illness. " Depressive illness is more 16 and lasts longer than common listless feelings. Sometimes a serious 17 of depression can begin with the loss of a loved one or a change of job. Many times, in very

18 cases, there doesn't seem to be any circumstance serious enough to have caused the depression. Some psychiatrists suggest that the key feature in depression is change. The person becomes different from the way before the onset of his depression. He may even become the opposite of his usual self. There are many examples: the businessman who becomes a wanderer, the mother who wants to 19 her children and herself. Instead of seeking SATisfACTion and pleasure, the depressed person 20 it.

A. ever B. escape C. intense D. response E. avoids F. even G. express H. realization I. severe J. lessen K. dense L. period M. harm N. lack O. normal

Unit Nine

A growing world population and the discoveries of science may 11 this pattern of distribution in the future. As men slowly learn to master diseases, control floods, prevent famines, and stop wars, fewer people die every year; and in 12 the population of the world is 13 increasing. In 1925 there were about 2,000 million people in the world; by the end of the century there may well be over 4,000 million.

When numbers rise the 14 mouths must be fed. New lands must be I bought under cultivation, or land already farmed made to 15 larger crops. In some areas the accessible land is largely so intensively 16 that it will be difficult to make it provide more food. In some areas the population is so dense that the land is parceled out in units too 17 to allow for much improvement in farming methods. Were a larger part of this farming population drawn off into industrial occupations, the

land might be farmed much more productively by modern methods.

There is now a race for science, technology, and industry to keep the 18 of food rising faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of crops are being developed which will thrive in 19 climates; irrigation and

dry-farming methods bring poor lands under the plough, dams hold back the waters of GREat rivers to 20 water for the fields in all seasons and to provide electric power for new industries; industrial chemistry provides fertilizers to suit particular soils; aero planes spray crops to destroy insects and many plant diseases.

A. ensure B. violently C. alter D. harmful E.cultivated F. unique G. transplanted H. yield I.consequence J. output K. extra L. steadily M. tiny N. unfavorable O. produce

Unit Ten

Passage 2

In the United States, it is not 11 to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day,while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11: 00 p. m. . If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he 12 it's a matter of life and death. The time chosen for the call 13 its importance.

In 14 life, time plays a very important part. In the U. S. A. , guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the 15 to adinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in 16 because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings 17 between people from cultures that treat time differently.

Promptness is valued 18 in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U. S. no one would think of keeping a business 19 waiting for an hour, it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late is 20 to make a short apology. If he is less than 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.

A. highly B. engagement C. customary D. social E. inform F. invitation G.  advance H. absence

I. heavily J. associate K.  expected L. assumes M. habitual N. arise O.  communicates

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