【6】原文：

乒乓球是一项强调耐力和反应能力(reflexes)的运动，尽管乒乓球本身比较小，运动强度不大。不论男女老少都可以同台公平竞争。由于是室内运动，所以可以常年举行比赛或进行练习。自从乒乓球运动诞生以来，它已经经历了巨大的演变。比赛规则经过多次的修改，并且随着技术的进步和打球方式的改变，运动器材也发生了变化。这些改

良(refinement)只是证明了乒乓球运动已经发展为一项非常完美的运动，可以与我们所崇尚(with reverence)的任何一种经典运动相媲美。

Despite its small size and moderate intensity, ping-pong is a sport that emphasizes endurance and reflexes. People of all ages and genders can play it on an equal ground. The sport is played indoors, so year-round competition and prACTice are possible. Ping-pong has undergone enormous evolution since it came into being, with has experienced many revisions of rules and seen an improvement of equipment as technology and playing styles changed.

Such refinement only serves as evidence that ping-pong is indeed a full-fledged sport,comparable to any of the other classics we behold with reverence.

【7】原文：

儒家思想是中国传统文化的基石。它出现在大约 2500 年前的春秋时期(the Spring and Autumn Period)，是建立在夏、商、周朝的传统文化之上，并由孔子创立的完整观念体系(ideological system)。儒家思想博大精深，涵盖了人性、政治、法律、教育、哲学、道德各个领域。儒家文化以人本哲学(humanistic philosophy)为依托，这表现在它对人类个体的尊敬、关注和热爱。总而言之，儒家文化是世界文化遗产的重要组成部分，是东方文化的代表，也是中国文化传统的中流砥柱。

Confucianism is the cornerstone of traditional Chinese culture. Founded about 2500 years ago in the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucianism is a complete ideological system created by Confucius, based on the traditional culture of the Xia, Shang, Zhou Dynasties. It is extensive and profound, covering on humanistic philosophy, politics, education, philosophy and ethics. Confucian culture rests on humanistic philosophy, which is shown in its respect,attention to and love of human individuals. In brief, Confucian culture is an important component of world cultural heritage, a major representative of oriental culture, and the dominant facet of Chinese cultural tradition.

【8】原文：

清华大学被视为中国最著名和选拔人才最严格的大学之一。清华大学的校园位于北京西北部的海淀区，这是专为大学指定的区域。它坐落在清代皇家花园的旧址上，保留了一些中式的园林风格以及一些传统的建筑，但它的许多建筑物都是西式风格的，反应了美国对它的影响。它拥有中国最美丽校园之一，拥有中国最好的工程和应用科学 (applied science) 课 程 ， 吸 引 了 全 国 最 有 才 华 的 学 生 ， 其 地 位 和 美 国 伯 克 利 大学 (Berkeley)、麻省理工学院以及斯坦福大学相当。

Tsinghua University is regarded as one of the most renowned and most selective universities in China. The campus of Tsinghua University is situated in northwest Beijing, in Haidian District which is designated for universities. It is located on the former site of Qing Dynasty royal gardens and retains some Chinese-style landscapes as well as some traditional buildings, but many of its buildings are Western-style reflecting the American influence on its history. With one of the most beautiful campuses and the best engineering and applied science programs in China, it attrACTs the most talented students of the nation and occupies a position

similar to Berkeley, MIT, and Stanford University in the US.

【9】原文:

京剧被称为中国的国粹(national opera), 起源于 18 世纪晚期，是将音乐、舞蹈、艺术和杂技(acrobatics)综合于一体的戏曲。在中国，京剧是所有戏曲中最有影响力和代表性的戏曲。中国的京剧有着 200 多年的历史，是中国的名族瑰宝。京剧有着丰富的剧目(repertoire)、众多的表演艺术家和大批的观众，在中国有着其他戏曲无法匹及的深远影响。京剧剧目主要讲述前朝传说故事，其中包括古代重要的历史事件以及王侯将相、才子佳人的故事，讲述从尧、舜、禹，春秋战国群雄并起的历史时期到秦、汉、隋、唐、宋、元、明、清等多朝代的历史故事。

Known as China’s national opera, Beijing Opera, which originated in the late 18th century, is a synthesis of music, dance, art and acrobatics. It is the most influential and representative of all operas in China. Beijing Opera is a national treasure with a history of more than 200 years. Owing to its richness of repertoire, GREat number of artists of performance and of audiences, Beijing Opera has profound influence, which no other opera in China can rival. The repertoire of Beijing Opera is mainly engaged in fairy tales of preceding

dynasties, important historical events, emperors, ministers and generals, geniuses and GREat beauties, from Yao, Shun, Yu, the Spring and Autumn Period, the Warring States Period to the dynasties of Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing.

【10】原文:

不可否认，几乎没有哪项科学发明对我们的生活产生的影响比得上电视的发明和改进给我们带来的好处。它是一种电子视听(audiovisual)媒体，是大量信息的重要来源，让我们不出家门就可以看到各种各样关于比赛、音乐会以及发生在世界各地的事件的现场报道；人们还可以看到大量花样百出的特别节目。例如：世界风景、风俗和文化、神

奇海底(seafloor)和庞大宇宙的壮观景象等。所有这一切都在最大程度上丰富了我们的生活和知识。

Admittedly, there is rarely any other technological invention having such a GREat impACT on our life as the invention and revolution of television. It is a kind of electric audiovisual media a source of abundant information, which gives people easy access to various live reports about games, concerts, and affairs occurring all over the world, as well as a vast variety of special programs, such as programs about worldwide scenery, custom and culture, the spectacular sight in mysterious seafloor and colossal cosmos, etc. All of them

enrich our life and broaden our knowledge to a significant deGREe.

泰山称东岳，以“五岳独尊”的盛名享誉古今。按照“五行学说”，东方属木，主生发，有生命之源、万物之本的含义。这就是古代帝王通常在自己登基或晚年时到泰山封禅祭拜的原因。泰山拔地通天，气势磅礴，汉语又有“稳如泰山”、“重于泰山”之说。1987年，联合国教科文组织将泰山列为世界自然与文化遗产。

【翻译词汇】

泰山 Mount Tai

东岳 East Yue

五岳独尊 the most important mountain of the Five Holy Mountains

享誉 have a GREat reputation

五行学说 the theory of five elements

生发 liveliness

生命之源、万物之本 a place where nature regulated and adjusted its procedures

登基 be crowned

封禅祭拜 make pilgrimages to

稳如泰山 as firm as Mount Tai

重于泰山 as weighty as Mount Tai

宣布 proclaim

【精彩译文】

Mount Tai, called “East Yue”, has a GREat reputation for the most important mountain of the Five Holy Mountains. According to the theory of five elements, the East belongs to mu, which means liveliness. Therefore, the East is a place where nature regulated and adjusted its procedures.This explains why important emperors made pilgrimages mostly to Mount Tai when they were crowned or in their later years. It is a symbol of loftiness and might, hence, there are the Chinese idioms: “as firm as Mount Tai” and “as weighty as Mount Tai”. Mount Tai was proclaimed world natural and cultural heritage by UNESCO in 1987.

【题目】

长江是中国最长的河流，也是世界第三长河，仅次于非洲的尼罗河和拉丁美洲的亚马逊河。长江总长度约为6 300米，发源于青海省，向东流入东海。长江流域是中国重要的农作物产区，粮、棉产量分别占全国总量的40%和30%。长江三峡大坝是世界上最大的水利枢纽工程之一，为通航、发电和运输带来了很大的便利。

【翻译词汇】

长江 the Yangtze River/Chang Jiang

尼罗河 the Nile

亚马逊河 the Amazon

向东 eastward

东海 East China Sea

长江流域 the Yangtze River valley

农作物产区 agricultural base

产量 output

分别 respectively

长江三峡大坝 the Three Gorge Dam

水利枢纽工程 water control project

为…带来便利 benefit

通航 navigation

发电 generate electricity

【精彩译文】

The Yangtze River or Chang Jiang is the longest river in China and the third longest in the world, after the Nile in Africa and the Amazon in South America. The river is about 6 300 km long and flows from its source in Qinghai Province, eastward into the East China Sea. The Yangtze River valley has always been an important agricultural base in China. Grain and cotton outputs make up 40 percent and 30 percent of China’s total respectively. As one of the largest water control project in the world, the Three Gorge Dam benefits for navigation, generating electricity and transportation.

【题目】

赵州桥坐落在洨河上，距离赵县南部约2.5公里。这座桥是在公元605年至公元616年建造的。赵州桥是由中国著名的匠师李春设计的，是用石头建造的，长50.82米，宽10米，还有一个不可思议的弧形桥洞，高7.23米，跨度为37.35米。桥上的石头栏杆和柱子上雕刻着美丽的龙凤图案。这座桥是一座空腹式的圆弧形石拱桥，两边有两个小拱，这是中国最早的拱桥之一，在中国桥梁建筑史上占有重要的地位，让游客和工程师们都很感兴趣。

【翻译词汇】

赵州桥 Zhaozhou Bridge

洨河 Jiao River

建造 construct

匠师 mason

不可思议的 unusual

弧形桥洞 arch

跨度 span

栏杆 railing

柱子 column

龙凤 dragon and phoenix

空腹式的 open-spandrel

占有 occupy

【精彩译文】

Zhaozhou Bridge was built on the Jiao River about 2.5 kilometers away from the south of Zhaoxian county. The bridge was constructed in AD 605-616. Designed by a well-known Chinese mason, Li Chun, it’s made of stone, 50.82 meters long and 10 meters wide, with an unusual arch that is 7.23 meters high with a span of 37.35 meters. The stone railing and columns on the bridge were carved with beautiful dragon and phoenix designs. One of the earliest Chinese arch bridges with a long open-spandrel arch in the middle and two small arches on each side, this bridge occupies an important place in the history of Chinese bridge building and has been of interest to tourists and engineers alike.

【题目】

最近，一些地方大学开始将方言列为某些学生的必修课程，学生们要学习当地方言，然后被评分以作为毕业的依据之一。一方面，支持此种做法的人认为，将方言列为必修课可防止其消失，从而使当地传统文化和文化多样性得以弘扬，同时城市独特的个性得以保留。另一方面，反对此种做法的人争论说，当地学生与外地学生相比有很多绝对优势，因此将方言列为必修课会引起教育不公平的问题。而且，将方言列为必修课程还会引起一些其他问题，

如教材使用、师资问题和考试标准等。在我看来，方言作为传统文化不可缺少的一部分和一种交流工具，可以让学生自愿学习和使用，而不是强制完成。

【翻译词汇】

方言 dialect

必修课程 compulsory course

依据 judging fACTor

支持 approve

消失 extinguish

文化多样性 cultural diversity

弘扬 enhance

个性 identity

争论说 contend

绝对的 absolute

引起 give rise to/bring forth

考试标准 examination standard

不可缺少的 indispensable

自愿地 voluntarily

学习 acquire

【精彩译文】

Recently, it has been prACTiced by some local universities that dialect is made a compulsory course for some students, under which students are subject to learning the local dialect and then graded as one of the judging fACTors for them to graduate. On the one hand, people approving the prACTice maintain that it will help to prevent the dialect from extinguishing so that the local traditional culture and the cultural diversity can be enhanced, and the unique urban identity can be preserved simultaneously. On the other hand, people in opposition to the prACTice contend that it will give rise to the appearance of educational inequality, for the local students will enjoy absolute advantages over those from other places. Moreover, the inclusion of dialect in compulsory courses will bring forth other problems like teaching material, teachers and examination standards. As far as I am concerned, dialects, as an indispensable part of local traditional culture as well as a tool for

communication, can be acquired and used voluntarily, not compulsorily.

【题目】

一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗?提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难;但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待劳动、工作等等的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学习、不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。

【精彩译文】

Is there a standard to evaluate the significance of one's life?It's certainly difficult to offer a definite standard.But generally speaking,we can tell it by judging his attitude towards life and work,making clear whether he is serious about his life.Throughout the history,the outstanding people were all very serious about their lives.They made best use of every minute of their lives to work and study as much as possible,never wasting their time.None of the working people and the GREat statesmen and their thinkers were of

exception.

【题目】

随着中国经济迅速发展到新的高度，中国目前已经进入了大规模消费时代，中国民众的购买力随着中国市场经济的发展而迅速增长。因此，那些追求物质生活的人们只要有购买力，就不可避免地会购买奢侈品。一项报告显示，中国的奢侈品消费总额占全球市场份额的四分之一，且位居世界第二，仅次于日本。然而，从消费观念方面来讲，很多中国的消费者还处在“炫耀性消费”的阶段，这是一种不健康的状态。奢侈品不应该是炫耀的手段，或者是与权力、财富和社会关系相关的标志。

【翻译词汇】

大规模消费时代 an era of mass consumption

追求物质生活 pursue material life

购买力 purchasing power

因此 therefore

奢侈品 luxury

占 account for

市场份额 market share

从…来讲 in regard to

炫耀性消费 conspicuous consumption

炫耀 show off

与…相关 be associated with

社会关系 social tie

【精彩译文】

As China has achieved new heights in its economy and recently entered an era of mass consumption, the purchasing power of Chinese people is rising along with the development of market economy. Therefore, it is inevitable that people who pursue material life buy luxuries as long as they can afford. According to a report, the total consumption of luxuries in China accounted for a quarter of the global market share and ranked second in the world after Japan.

However, in regard to consumption concept, a large number of Chinese consumers are still in the stage of “conspicuous consumption”, which is unhealthy. Luxuries should not be the tools of showing off or signs associated with power, wealth and social ties.

【题目】

长久以来，人们一直对市区公园是否应该收门票的话题争论不休。一些人认为市区公园是用纳税人的钱建立起来的，是供人们休闲、娱乐的公共场所，因此应该是免费的。另一方面，还有一些人称，考虑到中国人口众多，公民责任意识淡薄的情况，一旦免费开放市区公园，这些公园会管理不善，将不可避免地受到损坏。综合考虑两种观点，我较认同后者。可以确定的是市区公园免费开放要与经济发展情况相适应，因为这需要财政的支持。因此，以

中国现有的经济水平，免费开放市区公园的目标要逐步实现。

【翻译词汇】

市区公园 urban park

门票 entrance fee

纳税人 taxpayer

休闲 leisure

娱乐 entertainment

公共场所 public establishment

考虑到 considering

公民责任意识淡薄 lack of a sense of civic duty

较认同 be inclined to

与…相适应 proceed with

财政的 financial

逐步 step by step

【精彩译文】

The question whether urban parks should charge an entrance fee or not has been a source of controversy for a long time. On the one hand, some people claim that urban parks, supposed to be places where people have leisure and entertainment, are public establishments that have been created with taxpayers’ money and thus should be free. On the other hand, some others ma intain that, considering China’s large population and lack of a sense of civic duty, once the parks are free of charge, they will not be properly managed and will inevitably be damaged. When considering opinions of both sides, I am inclined to the latter v iew. It’s certain that free entry to urban parks should proceed with economic development, as it needs financial support. Hence, the current economic level in China reflects that free entry to parks can only be realized step by step.

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