导读:代词是代替名词或一句话的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词、不定代词和替代词十种。在此,长沙新东方整理分享了2019年中考英语语法知识点:代词语法,以供学习与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。
(一)代词概述
代词用来代替名词,在句中充当主语、宾语和表语,有时还可以充当定语。代词在考试命题中主要是代词格的变化、代词单复数形式以及不定代词和it的用法等。
(二)基本知识梳理
1.人称代词:主格作主语,宾格用作及物动词和介词的宾语。
Heoftenhelpsme.
Whoisatthedoor?It'sme.
ThebicyclebelongstoTomandme.
出现并列主语或宾语时,其排列顺序为:单数时是第二、第三、第一人称(简称231)即you,heandI或you,herandme;复数时是第一、第二、第三人称(简称123)即we,youandthey或us,youandthem。
2.物主代词:形容词性物主代词作定语,后加名词;而名词性物主代词等于形容词性物主代词加名词。如:Thisismybook.=Thisbookismine.
名词性物主代词可做主语、宾语和表语。如:
Yourpenisblue.Mineisblue,too.
MayIuseyourpen?I'velostmine.
Sheisaclassmateofhis.
Thebikeishers.
3.反身代词:用作宾语和起强调作用。
1)作宾语
Helpyourselftosomecakes.
Icanlookatmyselfinthemirror.
Theyshouldthinkmoreofthepublichealththanthemselves.
2)作强调
Wedohomeworkbyourselves.
Imyselfgototheairporttomeetmyuncle.
4.指示代词
1)this,that,these,those
What'sthis(that)?It'sabook.
Whatarethese(those)?Theyarebooks.
this和these比较靠近,that和those稍远一点。
2)it的用法
(1)指物:It'sarobot.
(2)指自然现象:It'srainingnow,butitwillbefinesoon.
(3)指时间:Whattimeisit?It's8o'clock.
(4)指距离:It'stwentyminutes'walk.
(5)作形式主语:It'simportantforustofightpollution.
Ittookmehalfanhourtofinishthework.
It'skindofyoutosayso.
(6)作形式宾语:Wethinkitnecessarytorelaxfromtimetotime.
5.不定代词
1)some,any
some用于肯定句中,any用于否定句和疑问句中。如:
Therearesomepensonthedesk.
Therearen'tanypensonthedesk.
Arethereanypensonthedesk?
SomeareChinese.OthersareEnglish.
在表示请求、建议、反问等句子中,用some而不是用any。如:
Wouldyoulikesomedrink?
any也可以表示任何一个。如:
Doyouknowanyofherfriends?
Ifyouhaveanyquestions,youcanaskme.
2)复合不定代词:something,anything,nothing,everything,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,someone,anyone,noone,everyone,somewhere,anywhere,nowhere,everywhere这些不定代词都作单数,表示“某物”、“某人”、“某地”。
(1)作主语:
Someoneiswaitingforyou.
Nooneisintheclassroom.
(2)作宾语:
Haveyougotanythingtosay?
Didyouseeanythingelseintheclassroom?
(3)不定代词被形容词修饰时,定语放在它们的后面。如:
I’vegotsomethinginterestingtotellyou.
There'snothingnewinthenewspaper.
3)afew,few,alittle,little前两者修饰可数名词,后两者修饰不可数名词。few,little表示否定,意思是几乎没有;afew,alittle表示肯定,意思是还有几个、有一点。如:
Thereisstillalittletimeleft,youneedn'thurry.
Ican'tbuyanythingbecauseIhavelittlemoneyonme.
4)both(两者都,复数),all(三者以上都,复数),neither(两者都不,单数),none(三者以上都不,单复数),either(两者中的一个,单数),both...and,neither...nor,either...or
(1)作主语:
Bothofthetwinsaredoctors.
Allofthemarehonest.
Neitherofthemisadoctor.
Noneofthemis/arehonest.
(2)词组:
BothLiPingandIarestudents.
NeitherLiPingnorIamastudent.
(3)作形容词:
onbothsidesoftheriver
oneithersideoftheriver
注意下面句子转化:
Bothofthemareteachers.
改成否定句是:Neitherofthemisateacher.
Allofusarestudents.
改成否定句是:Noneofusisastudent.或:Noneofusarestudents.
5)one...theother(s)表示一个……其余的……,是有范围的;some...others表示一些……另一些……,是无范围的;another表示很多中的另一个,再……个。如:
Hehastwobrothers.Oneisanengineer,theotherisawriter.
Somelikefootball.Otherslikebasketball.
SomebooksontheshelfareinChinese,theothersinEnglish.
Shewillbeinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.(她将在医院再住两星期。)
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2019年中考英语语法知识点:代词语法
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导读:代词是代替名词或一句话的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词、不定代词和替代词十种。在此,长沙新东方整理分享了2019年中考英语语法知识点:代词语法,以供学习与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。
(一)代词概述
代词用来代替名词,在句中充当主语、宾语和表语,有时还可以充当定语。代词在考试命题中主要是代词格的变化、代词单复数形式以及不定代词和it的用法等。
(二)基本知识梳理
1.人称代词:主格作主语,宾格用作及物动词和介词的宾语。
Heoftenhelpsme.
Whoisatthedoor?It'sme.
ThebicyclebelongstoTomandme.
出现并列主语或宾语时,其排列顺序为:单数时是第二、第三、第一人称(简称231)即you,heandI或you,herandme;复数时是第一、第二、第三人称(简称123)即we,youandthey或us,youandthem。
2.物主代词:形容词性物主代词作定语,后加名词;而名词性物主代词等于形容词性物主代词加名词。如:Thisismybook.=Thisbookismine.
名词性物主代词可做主语、宾语和表语。如:
Yourpenisblue.Mineisblue,too.
MayIuseyourpen?I'velostmine.
Sheisaclassmateofhis.
Thebikeishers.
3.反身代词:用作宾语和起强调作用。
1)作宾语
Helpyourselftosomecakes.
Icanlookatmyselfinthemirror.
Theyshouldthinkmoreofthepublichealththanthemselves.
2)作强调
Wedohomeworkbyourselves.
Imyselfgototheairporttomeetmyuncle.
4.指示代词
1)this,that,these,those
What'sthis(that)?It'sabook.
Whatarethese(those)?Theyarebooks.
this和these比较靠近,that和those稍远一点。
2)it的用法
(1)指物:It'sarobot.
(2)指自然现象:It'srainingnow,butitwillbefinesoon.
(3)指时间:Whattimeisit?It's8o'clock.
(4)指距离:It'stwentyminutes'walk.
(5)作形式主语:It'simportantforustofightpollution.
Ittookmehalfanhourtofinishthework.
It'skindofyoutosayso.
(6)作形式宾语:Wethinkitnecessarytorelaxfromtimetotime.
5.不定代词
1)some,any
some用于肯定句中,any用于否定句和疑问句中。如:
Therearesomepensonthedesk.
Therearen'tanypensonthedesk.
Arethereanypensonthedesk?
SomeareChinese.OthersareEnglish.
在表示请求、建议、反问等句子中,用some而不是用any。如:
Wouldyoulikesomedrink?
any也可以表示任何一个。如:
Doyouknowanyofherfriends?
Ifyouhaveanyquestions,youcanaskme.
2)复合不定代词:something,anything,nothing,everything,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,someone,anyone,noone,everyone,somewhere,anywhere,nowhere,everywhere这些不定代词都作单数,表示“某物”、“某人”、“某地”。
(1)作主语:
Someoneiswaitingforyou.
Nooneisintheclassroom.
(2)作宾语:
Haveyougotanythingtosay?
Didyouseeanythingelseintheclassroom?
(3)不定代词被形容词修饰时,定语放在它们的后面。如:
I’vegotsomethinginterestingtotellyou.
There'snothingnewinthenewspaper.
3)afew,few,alittle,little前两者修饰可数名词,后两者修饰不可数名词。few,little表示否定,意思是几乎没有;afew,alittle表示肯定,意思是还有几个、有一点。如:
Thereisstillalittletimeleft,youneedn'thurry.
Ican'tbuyanythingbecauseIhavelittlemoneyonme.
4)both(两者都,复数),all(三者以上都,复数),neither(两者都不,单数),none(三者以上都不,单复数),either(两者中的一个,单数),both...and,neither...nor,either...or
(1)作主语:
Bothofthetwinsaredoctors.
Allofthemarehonest.
Neitherofthemisadoctor.
Noneofthemis/arehonest.
(2)词组:
BothLiPingandIarestudents.
NeitherLiPingnorIamastudent.
(3)作形容词:
onbothsidesoftheriver
oneithersideoftheriver
注意下面句子转化:
Bothofthemareteachers.
改成否定句是:Neitherofthemisateacher.
Allofusarestudents.
改成否定句是:Noneofusisastudent.或:Noneofusarestudents.
5)one...theother(s)表示一个……其余的……,是有范围的;some...others表示一些……另一些……,是无范围的;another表示很多中的另一个,再……个。如:
Hehastwobrothers.Oneisanengineer,theotherisawriter.
Somelikefootball.Otherslikebasketball.
SomebooksontheshelfareinChinese,theothersinEnglish.
Shewillbeinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.(她将在医院再住两星期。)
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导读:代词是代替名词或一句话的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词、不定代词和替代词十种。在此,长沙新东方整理分享了2019年中考英语语法知识点:代词语法,以供学习与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。
(一)代词概述
代词用来代替名词,在句中充当主语、宾语和表语,有时还可以充当定语。代词在考试命题中主要是代词格的变化、代词单复数形式以及不定代词和it的用法等。
(二)基本知识梳理
1.人称代词:主格作主语,宾格用作及物动词和介词的宾语。
Heoftenhelpsme.
Whoisatthedoor?It'sme.
ThebicyclebelongstoTomandme.
出现并列主语或宾语时,其排列顺序为:单数时是第二、第三、第一人称(简称231)即you,heandI或you,herandme;复数时是第一、第二、第三人称(简称123)即we,youandthey或us,youandthem。
2.物主代词:形容词性物主代词作定语,后加名词;而名词性物主代词等于形容词性物主代词加名词。如:Thisismybook.=Thisbookismine.
名词性物主代词可做主语、宾语和表语。如:
Yourpenisblue.Mineisblue,too.
MayIuseyourpen?I'velostmine.
Sheisaclassmateofhis.
Thebikeishers.
3.反身代词:用作宾语和起强调作用。
1)作宾语
Helpyourselftosomecakes.
Icanlookatmyselfinthemirror.
Theyshouldthinkmoreofthepublichealththanthemselves.
2)作强调
Wedohomeworkbyourselves.
Imyselfgototheairporttomeetmyuncle.
4.指示代词
1)this,that,these,those
What'sthis(that)?It'sabook.
Whatarethese(those)?Theyarebooks.
this和these比较靠近,that和those稍远一点。
2)it的用法
(1)指物:It'sarobot.
(2)指自然现象:It'srainingnow,butitwillbefinesoon.
(3)指时间:Whattimeisit?It's8o'clock.
(4)指距离:It'stwentyminutes'walk.
(5)作形式主语:It'simportantforustofightpollution.
Ittookmehalfanhourtofinishthework.
It'skindofyoutosayso.
(6)作形式宾语:Wethinkitnecessarytorelaxfromtimetotime.
5.不定代词
1)some,any
some用于肯定句中,any用于否定句和疑问句中。如:
Therearesomepensonthedesk.
Therearen'tanypensonthedesk.
Arethereanypensonthedesk?
SomeareChinese.OthersareEnglish.
在表示请求、建议、反问等句子中,用some而不是用any。如:
Wouldyoulikesomedrink?
any也可以表示任何一个。如:
Doyouknowanyofherfriends?
Ifyouhaveanyquestions,youcanaskme.
2)复合不定代词:something,anything,nothing,everything,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,someone,anyone,noone,everyone,somewhere,anywhere,nowhere,everywhere这些不定代词都作单数,表示“某物”、“某人”、“某地”。
(1)作主语:
Someoneiswaitingforyou.
Nooneisintheclassroom.
(2)作宾语:
Haveyougotanythingtosay?
Didyouseeanythingelseintheclassroom?
(3)不定代词被形容词修饰时,定语放在它们的后面。如:
I’vegotsomethinginterestingtotellyou.
There'snothingnewinthenewspaper.
3)afew,few,alittle,little前两者修饰可数名词,后两者修饰不可数名词。few,little表示否定,意思是几乎没有;afew,alittle表示肯定,意思是还有几个、有一点。如:
Thereisstillalittletimeleft,youneedn'thurry.
Ican'tbuyanythingbecauseIhavelittlemoneyonme.
4)both(两者都,复数),all(三者以上都,复数),neither(两者都不,单数),none(三者以上都不,单复数),either(两者中的一个,单数),both...and,neither...nor,either...or
(1)作主语:
Bothofthetwinsaredoctors.
Allofthemarehonest.
Neitherofthemisadoctor.
Noneofthemis/arehonest.
(2)词组:
BothLiPingandIarestudents.
NeitherLiPingnorIamastudent.
(3)作形容词:
onbothsidesoftheriver
oneithersideoftheriver
注意下面句子转化:
Bothofthemareteachers.
改成否定句是:Neitherofthemisateacher.
Allofusarestudents.
改成否定句是:Noneofusisastudent.或:Noneofusarestudents.
5)one...theother(s)表示一个……其余的……,是有范围的;some...others表示一些……另一些……,是无范围的;another表示很多中的另一个,再……个。如:
Hehastwobrothers.Oneisanengineer,theotherisawriter.
Somelikefootball.Otherslikebasketball.
SomebooksontheshelfareinChinese,theothersinEnglish.
Shewillbeinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.(她将在医院再住两星期。)
延伸阅读: