六级听力

长沙新东方  戴耀

自2013年六级听力进行第二次重大改革以来，题型就沿用的是短对话+长对话+短文的听力材料设置，今年12月题型也采用8+7+10+10的形式。即SectionA+B共25道选择题：排题模式为8-3-4-3-3-4；SectionB为10道短文填空题。从录音的语速上来看，整体语速中速，大约为每秒2-3个词。从录音的选材上来看，本次考试对话听力题部分较以往工作话题的内容有明显增加，短文听力题部分一如既往的选用了科技、工作和人物故事话题。由于话题上工作场景未考生的不熟悉话题，该内容的增加对考生来说也是一种难度的提升。从答案设置难度上来看所听即所得的比率有所下降，反而推断和同义替换的题目有所增加，尤其是在短文选择题中尤为突出。下面笔者将从细节信息题、推断题、主旨题三种题型进行解析。

从题型上，三种题型分布如下：

题型：细节信息题（原文重现）

题号：3、4、5、11、12、13、14、16、19、20、22、23

累计题数：12

题型：细节信息题（同义替换）

题号：1、10、15、17、18、24、25

累计题数：7

题型：主旨题

题号：6、7

累计题数：2

题型：推断题

题号：2、8、9、21

累计题数：4

一、细节信息题

1. 细节信息题简单题部分答案大部分为原文重现也就是“所听即所得”，也就是正确选项实词部分均出现在听力材料当中。而这种答案设置又有两种情况，第一种为与原文一致，例如短对话第五题和长对话ConverSATion One第11题：

短对话第5题

A.    Seeking professional advice.  B.Redecorating her office.

C. Adding some officefurniture.   D. Major in interior design

【听力原文】

W:I’m considering having my officeredecorated. The furniture is old and the paint is chipping.

M:I’ll give you my sister-in-law’s number. She just graduated from aninterior designing academy, and will give a free estimate.

Q:What is the woman considering?

【解析】女的考虑重新装修办公室并抱怨家具和墙漆老旧，男的要把刚从设计学院毕业的嫂子的电话给到女的。题目问题女的正在考虑什么事情，答案B与原文一致即为正确答案。

长对话ConverSATion One第11题：

A.      Foreigninvestors are losing losing confidence in India’s economy.

B.      Manymultinational enterprises are withdrawing from India.

C.      There's been a sharp increase in India'sbalance of payment deficit.

D.     Thereare wild functions in the international money market.

【听力原文】

M:That's OK. What's the problem?

W:Well, Paul, I won't keep you long. You see there's a problem with the exchangerates. The India rupee has taken a fall in a foreign exchange market. You seethere's been a sharp increase in India's balance of payment deficit.

M:I see. That's serious, isn't it?

Q11:What makes the woman worry about the India rupee?

【解析】本短对话情况问男的准备下班回家吃晚餐，结果女的过来告知印度卢比 India rupee在外汇市场中下滑的消息。题目问是什么让女的担忧印度卢比，而材料中可听到“Yousee there's been a sharp increase in India's balance of payment deficit.”印度急剧上涨的国际收支赤字使其担心，答案即为C选项。

所听即所得的第二种情况为与原文并不100%契合，但是核心词汇为原文的重现，例如短对话的第3题

A.      Theprinter in the office has run out of paper.

B.      Theman can find the supplies in the cabinet .

C.      Theman can leave the discs in the office cabinet.

D.     Someoneshould be put n charge of the office supplies.

【听力原文】

M:Do you know where we keep flash discs and printing paper?

W:They should be in the cabinet if there are any. That’swhere we keep all of our office supplies.

Q:What does the woman mean?

【解析】

对话中难得要找U盘和打印纸，女的告知其如果还有的话应该在储物柜里，所有的办公室补给都在那里。B选项原文的主要信息都包含，答案即为B。

【总结】

尽管该类题目为简单题型，但是由于题目在听力材料后才出就会造成考生心理上的负担与不安，导致哪怕考生已经听到了选项的信息或者原文也不敢进行选择。六级考试并非选拔性测试而是一种能力型测验，所以考生如果听到选项可大胆勾记座位答案备选，听到题目时验证即可。

2. 细节信息题第二种为答案没有完全按照原文罗列的形式给出（即答案与听力原文一致），而有些题目采用的是同义替换，而替换的形式可以是词义替换和句义替换例如短对话第1题

A.      The woman should mix theinGREdients thoroughly.

B.      The dressing makes themixed salad very inviting.

C.      The restaurant is wellknown for its food varieties.

D.     The restaurant offers somespecials everyday.

【听力原文】

W:Wow, what a variety of salads you’vegot on your menu, could you recommend something special?

M:Well, I think you can try this mixed salad. We make the dressing with freshberries.

Q:What does the man mean?

【解析】

对话中女的让男的推荐一些特色沙拉，男的推荐混合沙拉因为用的是新鲜的浆果做的调味汁。提问男生什么意思，只有答案B“调味汁使得混合沙拉非常吸引人”一项为原文的同义替换答案即为B选项。值得注意的是这里有两个同学“熟悉又陌生”的词dressing是“沙拉酱、调味汁”的意思，inviting是“吸引人”的意思。

【总结】

2013年改革后考纲也指出将着重考察考生对信息的理解能力，从题量分布便可见一斑。但是此种题目难度也不大，考生听到细节信息找到对应同义替换的选项即可，而该种题型的难点为会出现考生不熟悉的场景词汇使其一下反应不过来，因此平时对场景词汇的累积也是听力备考的必做功课之一。

二、主旨题

主旨题一般只设置在短对话中，最常见的提问形式为“What arethe speakers talking about？”或者“What arethe speakers doing?”而该类题往往重点在第一个人说话的内容。例如短对话第6题：

A.    The shortage of containerships.

B.     Delayed shipment of goods.

C.     Improvement of portfacilities.

D.    Problems of portmanagement.

【听力原文】

W:We have a full load of goods that needs to be delivered. But we can’t get a container ship anywhere.

M:That’s always being a problem in this port.The facilities here are never able to meet our needs.

Q:What are the speakers talking about?

【解析】

该对话中女的说有满载的货物需要运送但是没有集装箱船 container ship可用，男的抱怨附和该港口的问题，设备从不够。由此可听出两人在讨论集装箱船的短缺

，答案几倍A选项。

【总结】

主旨题一如既往的只出现在的短对话中，今年设置了两道题问题均为“What arethe speakers talking about?”。该类题目考生往往会做错，因为在没有问题的情况下不知所问不知所答，尤其有牵扯到对主旨大意的提问便会乱了方寸“凭感觉”选一个。考生切不可“无中生有”一定要选择是否有选项中包含对话中出现的信息再加以整合，

三、推断题

推断题为听力中的难题，答案不会直接在材料中出现，也不会有明显的同义替换。正确答案为原文某个信息的推断。例如Passage Two第21题和长对话ConverSATionOne 第9题：

Passage Two第21题

A.    They trusted their computerexpertise.

B.     They have confidence in hisnew ideas.

C.     They were very keen on newtechnology.

D.    They believed in businessconnections.

【听力原文】

Eventually,Clark aGREed to invest three million dollars of his own money in the project,and to raise an extra fifteen million from venture capitalists, who were alwayskeen to listen to Clark’s new ideas.

Q21Why were venture capitalists willing to join in Clark’sinvestment?

【解析】

文章讲Clark同样也从风投公司获得了一千五百万的的投资。提问这些风投公司愿意给他投资，题点在“whowere always keen to listen to Clark’s newideas.”他们总是渴望听到Clark的新主意。由此可以推出他们对 Clark’s new ideas会是充满了信心才会有期待的。答案即为B选项。

ConverSATion One 第9题

A.    He cooks dinner for thefamily occasionally.

B.     He dines out from time totime with friends.

C.     He shares some of thehousehold duties.

D.    He often goes back homelate for dinner.

【听力原文】

M: Hello, Jane!

W: Hello, Paul!

M:Please come in. I'm just getting ready to go home. Susan is expecting me fordinner. I want to be on time for a change.

W:Look, I'm terribly sorry to drop in at this time on Friday, Paul, but it israther important.

Q9:What do we learn about the man's daily life?

【解析】

提问我们可以了解到关于男的日常生活的什么信息，整个对话只有开头两句聊到生活。题点为Susan在等我吃饭，我想做下改变能按时回家。由此可以推断男的总是不按时回家吃晚餐，所以只有选项D.He oftengoes back home late for dinner.符合。

【总结】

推断题往往是考生不易得分的题型，考生一定不能主观臆断必须要“依托原文只推一步”。该提醒一般在短对话中出现频率较高，但值得考生注意的是本次考试反常的在长对话尤其是在短文听力中出现，增加了考试难度。考生们也不需要太过失落，因为“一难难所有”六级分数又是基于所有考生的分数基数计算的。

四、短文听写

改革后的复合式听写题一大大降低难度，而更加考场考生对单词的拼写能力和特殊语音现象的掌握。本次考试考察了3个短语和7个多音节长单词，没有对同音短单词考察。长单词部分考生均能够根据自然拼读进行拼写，例如：27.di-mi-ni-shing；34. mo-di-fi-cation；35. mag-ni-tude。短语部分出现辅音加原因连读例如：32. used up和清辅音失去爆破例如：on avas(t) scale，整体来说难度不大。

综上所述，本次的大学六级听力考试更加注重对学生综合能力的考察。这一点可以从其着重考察考生的信息理解能力上不难看出。这样考生对平时自己的听力练习要求提出了更高的要求，从以前的“听到”还要转化到“听到有听懂”。这就需要考生在平时加强对听力的场景词汇、短语、句型的归类与掌握，如果各位同学对六级听力有问题咨询，也欢迎关注和私信老师新浪微博@戴尼尔。

六级听力答案

短对话答案

1. B. The dressing makes the mixedsalad very inviting.

2. D. He is running a successfulbusiness.

3. B. The man may find the supplies inthe cabinet.

4. D. He has to use a magnifying glassto see clearly.

5. C. Redecorating her office.

6. A. Shortage of container ships.

7. A. Acolleague.

8.C. Hold the banquet at a different place.

长对话答案

ConverSATion One

9. D. He often goes back home late fordinner.

10. D. To pass on an important message.

11. C. There is a sharp increase inIndia's balance of payment deficit.

ConverSATion Two

12. D. They have unrealisticexpectations about the other half.

13. A. He is lucky to be able to dowhat he loves.

14. B. It is all glamour.

15. A. Amazed.  

短文答案

Passage One

16.C. Learn new ways of relating and working together.

17.C. How the  team integrates with what itis supposed to serve.

18.D. A team manager should develop a certain set skills.

Passage Two

19.A. It is a program allowing people to share information on the Web.

20.B. He met with an entrepreneur named Jim Clark.

21.B. They had confidence in his new ideas.

PassageThree

22.A. Word-of-mouth advertising.

23. D. To build up their reputation.

24. D. By using the services of largeadvertising agencies.

25.C. Pre-test alternative ads or commercials in certain regions.

短文听写答案

26.eternal

27.diminishing

28.absolute

29. succeed

30.on a vast scale

31.As regards

32.used up

33.disposing

34.modification

35.magnitude

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