导读：图表说明文一般可分三个层次来写：1.按照题目要求描述图表反映的总情况，即概括大意。2.对数字进行仔细的比较，抓住特点进行分析、归纳并找出产生变化的原因。3.可写读图表后的想法、结论、评论或针对反映出的问题采取的解决措施。以下是图表说明文经典范文讲解及训练题整理，供学生学习和练习。
图表分类：
1.数字表、函数关系图、曲线图(graph);2.表格(table);3.几何图形(figure);4.图形表、饼状图(pie
chart);5.条状图、柱状图(bar chart);6.平面图、示意图、外形图(diagram)。
注意：
1.考生应仔细研究题目及提示信息，认清图表中的数字、线条、阴影等部分的变化趋势和走向，抓住其主要特点，然后根据图表所显示的中心信息确定内容层次以及主题句。
2.考生应仔细研究图表所给出的大量信息，从中选取最重要、最有代表性的信息，然后根据全文的主旨去组织运用所获取的关键信息。切忌简单地罗列图表所给出的信息。
一、写作常识
1.常用的描述句型
(1)The table/chart/diagram/graph shows (that)...
(2)According to the table/chart/diagram/graph...
(3)As is shown in the table/chart/diagram/graph...
(4)As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures...
(5)We can see from the figures/statistics...
(6)It is clear/apparent from the figures/statistics...
2.图表中数据(data)的具体表达法
(1)数据(data)在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed in time
(2)在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over time
(3)增加：increase/raise/rise/go up...
(4)减少：decrease/grow down/drop/fall/decline
(5)稳定：remain stable
3.描写变化的形容词及副词
(1)rapid/rapidly
(2)dramatic/dramatically
(3)significant/significantly
(4)sharp/sharply
(5)steep/steeply
(6)steady/steadily
(7)gradual/gradually
(8)slow/slowly
(9)slight/slightly
(10)stable/stably
二、写作模板
As (is) shown/indicated by the figure/in the table/graph/pie chart/chart，
(讨论议题) has been increased/decreased significantly/steadily from to .From the
sharp decline/rise in the chart，it goes without saying that .
There are at least two reasons accounting for .On the one hand， .On the
other hand， is due to the fACT that .In addition， is responsible for .Maybe
there are other reasons to show .But it is generally believed that the above
mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned，I hold the view that .I am sure my opinion is both
sound and wellgrounded.
经典语篇
最近你校对中学生的消费情况进行了调查。请根据调查表提供的信息写一篇英语短文，简要介绍调查结果并谈谈你对中学生消费的看法。词数：100左右。
佳作欣赏
As can be seen from the diagram above，nowadays middle school students spend
most of their pocket money on snacks，clothes，things for entertainment and social
communications.However，they seldom buy learning resources.Furthermore，some of
them are free to buy whatever they like without considering the income of their
family and their needs.
In my opinion，it’s wrong of us students to consume blindly，such as
following the fashion，pursuing famous brands of clothes.As we know，once seeking
material comforts，we will lose the motivation of learning.Therefore，we should
spend our pocket money on what we really need.Also，we should acquire a
scientific outlook of consumption and focus on study.What’s more，it’s essential
for us to develop a good habit of saving money.
即时训练
假如你是高中三年级的学生李华，你在学校组织了一项“有烦恼向谁说”的调查活动。请用英语给校报编辑写一封信，反映相关的情况。内容包括：调查结果(如下图所示)、持相应想法的理由及你对调查结果的看法。
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Editor，
I am a Senior Three student.Recently we have carried out a survey—“To whom
do you go when in trouble?” The results are as follows.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear Editor，
I am a Senior Three student.Recently we have carried out a survey—“To whom
do you go when in trouble?” The results are as follows.
61% of the students surveyed select friends or schoolmates as their ideal
listeners when they have troubles，the reason of which is that they are in the
same age and have a better understanding of each other.Another 22% choose
teachers and parents to talk to.They suggest that teachers and parents are rich
in life and educational experience.Nevertheless，there are also 17% who don’t
share their troubles at all.They say that their troubles are not others’
business.They find it hard to get along with others.
It is not easy to reach definite conclusions based on such a survey
example.However，some general comments can be made.It seems clear from the
response that some students lack communication with others.So teachers and
parents need to play a more important role in their lives.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
延伸阅读：
2019高考英语写作专题：句型精讲及各类型范文汇总
2019高考英语专项大作战专题
历年全国各省市高考英语作文汇总
历年全国各省市高考英语真题及解析汇总
2019高考最新动态
2018湖南新高考政策解读专题
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