2019年高考英语语法专项:动词不定式作宾语补足语
导读:动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,在句中不能单独作谓语。动词不定式具有动词的性质,它可以有自己的宾语和状语,从而构成动词不定式短语。它还可以有形式的变化,即一般式、进行式、完成式和被动式。同时,动词不定式也具有非动词的性质,相当于一个名词、形容词或副词,可以在句中担任主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。下面和长沙新东方的小编一起来复习一下。
动词不定式作宾语补足语
不定式可以在"主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语"句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一句型中,宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语。
1.在表示感觉的动词后作宾语补足语,并且不定式都不带to。
这类动词有:see, hear, feel, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。
I heard them sing yesterday.昨天我听见他们唱歌了。
Did you see him go out你看见他出去了吗?
I felt something crawl up my leg.我感到有什么东西爬到我腿上了。
注意:转为被动语态时,原不带to的不定式要变成带to的不定式。notice和watch没有被动语态。
We saw the car stop.
The car was seen to stop.我们看见这辆车停了下来。
2.在使役动词后作宾语补足语,不定式不带to。
这类动词有:make, let, have等。转为被动语态时,其后通常都用带to的不定式(have没有被动语态)。
有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to,这些动词有:
一感二听三让四观看。
一感:feel 二听:hear,listen to 三让:let,have,make 四观看:observe,see,watch.,look at
What would you have me do你要我做什么?
She made him give up smoking.她让他戒了烟。
Let him do whatever he wishes to do.他想干什么就让他干吧。
Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister. 虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹,但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了。
3.在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有:consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等。这类动词后的不定式通常是"to be+形容词或名词"结构,think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。
We consider him (to be) a good teacher.我们认为他是一个好老师。
He proved that theory (to be) very important. 他证明那个理论是很重要的。
I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her.我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好,很诚实。
4.在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有:love, like, prefer, hate, want, wish, expect等。
I'd prefer you to leave him alone.我希望你不要打扰他。
I don't want there to be any trouble.我不想有任何麻烦。
5.动词advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause等后面,多接不定式短语作宾语补足语。
We don't allow such things to happen again. 我们不容许这种事情再发生。
Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke.大多数父母都同意禁止自己的孩子抽烟。
She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.她请我在她不在的时候接电话。
Please remind me to leave her this note.请提醒我留给她这张纸条。
She requested him to go with her.她邀请他一同去。
注意:hope, demand, suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。
【误】I hope you to give me a hand.
【正】I hope you can give me a hand.我希望你能帮我一把。
【正】I wish you to give me a hand.我希望你能帮我一把。
【误】He demanded me to be present at the meeting.
【正】He demanded that we should be present at the meeting.他要求我们出席会议。
【正】He required us to be present at the meeting.他要求我们出席会议。
【误】Mr Li suggested her not to go there alone.
【正】Mr Li suggested that she should not go there alone.李先生建议她不要独自去那里。
6.动词不定式也可作一些短语动词的宾语补足语。
I'm waiting for James to arrive.我正等着詹姆斯的到来。
He's arranged for a car to pick them up at the station.他已安排了一辆汽车去车站接他们。
The UN has called on both sides to observe the ceasefire.联合国号召交战双方遵守停火协定。
必背:
这些带介词的短语动词有:
call on号召
arrange for 安排
ong for盼望
wait for等待
depend on 依靠
rely on 指望
(来源:新东方在线高考辅导)
经营许可证编号:
京ICP备05067667号-32 | 京ICP证060601号|
京网文(2016)5762-750号 |
京公网安备11010802021790号
Copyright 2011-2026 新东方教育科技集团有限公司, All Rights Reserved
新媒体平台资质审核电话:010-60908000-8941
导读:动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,在句中不能单独作谓语。动词不定式具有动词的性质,它可以有自己的宾语和状语,从而构成动词不定式短语。它还可以有形式的变化,即一般式、进行式、完成式和被动式。同时,动词不定式也具有非动词的性质,相当于一个名词、形容词或副词,可以在句中担任主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。下面和长沙新东方的小编一起来复习一下。
动词不定式作宾语补足语
不定式可以在"主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语"句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一句型中,宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语。
1.在表示感觉的动词后作宾语补足语,并且不定式都不带to。
这类动词有:see, hear, feel, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。
I heard them sing yesterday.昨天我听见他们唱歌了。
Did you see him go out你看见他出去了吗?
I felt something crawl up my leg.我感到有什么东西爬到我腿上了。
注意:转为被动语态时,原不带to的不定式要变成带to的不定式。notice和watch没有被动语态。
We saw the car stop.
The car was seen to stop.我们看见这辆车停了下来。
2.在使役动词后作宾语补足语,不定式不带to。
这类动词有:make, let, have等。转为被动语态时,其后通常都用带to的不定式(have没有被动语态)。
有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to,这些动词有:
一感二听三让四观看。
一感:feel 二听:hear,listen to 三让:let,have,make 四观看:observe,see,watch.,look at
What would you have me do你要我做什么?
She made him give up smoking.她让他戒了烟。
Let him do whatever he wishes to do.他想干什么就让他干吧。
Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister. 虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹,但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了。
3.在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有:consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等。这类动词后的不定式通常是"to be+形容词或名词"结构,think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。
We consider him (to be) a good teacher.我们认为他是一个好老师。
He proved that theory (to be) very important. 他证明那个理论是很重要的。
I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her.我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好,很诚实。
4.在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有:love, like, prefer, hate, want, wish, expect等。
I'd prefer you to leave him alone.我希望你不要打扰他。
I don't want there to be any trouble.我不想有任何麻烦。
5.动词advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause等后面,多接不定式短语作宾语补足语。
We don't allow such things to happen again. 我们不容许这种事情再发生。
Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke.大多数父母都同意禁止自己的孩子抽烟。
She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.她请我在她不在的时候接电话。
Please remind me to leave her this note.请提醒我留给她这张纸条。
She requested him to go with her.她邀请他一同去。
注意:hope, demand, suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。
【误】I hope you to give me a hand.
【正】I hope you can give me a hand.我希望你能帮我一把。
【正】I wish you to give me a hand.我希望你能帮我一把。
【误】He demanded me to be present at the meeting.
【正】He demanded that we should be present at the meeting.他要求我们出席会议。
【正】He required us to be present at the meeting.他要求我们出席会议。
【误】Mr Li suggested her not to go there alone.
【正】Mr Li suggested that she should not go there alone.李先生建议她不要独自去那里。
6.动词不定式也可作一些短语动词的宾语补足语。
I'm waiting for James to arrive.我正等着詹姆斯的到来。
He's arranged for a car to pick them up at the station.他已安排了一辆汽车去车站接他们。
The UN has called on both sides to observe the ceasefire.联合国号召交战双方遵守停火协定。
必背:
这些带介词的短语动词有:
call on号召
arrange for 安排
ong for盼望
wait for等待
depend on 依靠
rely on 指望
(来源:新东方在线高考辅导)